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ОЭММПУИзвестия Российской академии наук. Энергетика Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Energetics

  • ISSN (Print) 0002-3310
  • ISSN (Online) 3034-6495

ТЕКУЩЕЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ ВЫДЕЛЕНИЯ ГАЗОВЫХ ПРОДУКТОВ ДЕЛЕНИЯ В ОКСИДНОМ И НИТРИДНОМ ТОПЛИВЕ

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Код статьи
S0002331025040054-1
DOI
10.31857/S0002331025040054
Тип публикации
Статья
Статус публикации
Опубликовано
Авторы
Чубаров М. А.
  • Аффилиация: Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования “Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет “МИФИ”
Том/ Выпуск
Том / Номер выпуска 4
Страницы
62-89
Аннотация
В работе представлен обзор механизмов выделения газовых продуктов деления (ГПД) в оксидном и нитридном топливе, а также современных методов их моделирования. Разработана схема, отражающая текущее представление о процессах выделения ГПД, включая внутризеренную диффузию, коалесценцию, рост пузырьков на границах зерен и формирование газовых туннелей. Особое внимание уделено анализу атомистических подходов (DFT, MD), которые позволяют оценить влияние типа топлива, его стехиометрии и дефектов кристаллической решетки на механизмы миграции ГПД. Выполнено сопоставление расчетных значений энергии активации, полученных методами DFT и MD, с экспериментальными данными. Составлены перечни наиболее предпочтительных вакансий для нитридного и оксидного топлива, выявлены расхождения и проанализированы их причины. Рассмотрены диффузионная и кинетическая модели, используемые в топливных кодах: их особенности и роль в прогнозировании выхода ГПД. Отмечены ключевые неразрешенные вопросы, требующие дальнейших исследований, в том числе: механизмы зарождения ГПД внутри зерна и на его поверхности, роль границ зерен в формировании туннелей и механизмы, описывающие взрывное выделение газа при высоких выгораниях. Работа подчеркивает необходимость комплексного подхода, включающего экспериментальные исследования и совершенствование моделей топливных кодов с применением атомистических и CFD-подходов для повышения точности прогнозирования поведения топлива при различных условиях эксплуатации твэлов.
Ключевые слова
нитридное топливо оксидное топливо ксенон криптон газовые продукты деления ГПД топливные коды молекулярная динамика CFD
Дата публикации
14.09.2025
Год выхода
2025
Всего подписок
0
Всего просмотров
13

Библиография

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